{"id":45442,"date":"2023-12-11T15:05:51","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T07:05:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/?p=45442"},"modified":"2023-12-11T15:05:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T07:05:51","slug":"%e8%af%b7%e4%bd%a0%e8%af%b4%e4%b8%80%e8%af%b4%e6%b4%97%e7%89%8c%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9f-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/2023\/12\/11\/%e8%af%b7%e4%bd%a0%e8%af%b4%e4%b8%80%e8%af%b4%e6%b4%97%e7%89%8c%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9f-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8bf7\u4f60\u8bf4\u4e00\u8bf4\u6d17\u724c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

“`” \u53c2\u8003\u56de\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u8003\u5bdf\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u516c\u53f8\uff1a\u817e\u8baf<\/p>\n

1\u3001Fisher-Yates Shuffle\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d17\u724c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u662f Ronald A. Fisher \u548c Frank Yates\uff0c\u5373 Fisher\u2013Yates Shuffle\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e4b\u524d\u6ca1\u53d6\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff09\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3an(\u5df2\u77e5)\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff09\u4ece\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5047\u5982\u8fd8\u5269k\u4e2a\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a[0, k)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u5b57p\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u7ec4\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

3\uff09\u4ece\u5269\u4e0b\u7684k\u4e2a\u6570\u4e2d\u628a\u7b2cp\u4e2a\u6570\u53d6\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

4\uff09\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa42\u548c3\u76f4\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u5168\u90e8\u53d6\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n

5\uff09\u4ece\u6b65\u9aa43\u53d6\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5217\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u4e71\u4e86\u7684\u6570\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n*n)\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n)\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff09Knuth-Durstenfeld Shuffle<\/p>\n

Knuth \u548c Durstenfeld \u5728Fisher \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u7701\u53bb\u4e86\u989d\u5916O(n)\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u548c Fisher \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4ece\u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8be5\u6570\u5b57\u653e\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\\1. \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4 arr\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u653e 1 \u5230 n \u7684\u6570\u503c\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\2. \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece 0 \u5230 n – 1 \u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570 x\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\3. \u8f93\u51fa arr \u4e0b\u6807\u4e3a x \u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\4. \u5c06 arr \u7684\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u4e0b\u6807\u4e3a x \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e92\u6362\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\5. \u540c2\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece 0 \u5230 n – 2 \u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570 x\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\6. \u8f93\u51fa arr \u4e0b\u6807\u4e3a x \u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\7. \u5c06 arr \u7684\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u4e0b\u6807\u4e3a x \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e92\u6362\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8f93\u51fam \u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a\u6b62<\/p>\n

\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n)\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6n\u3002<\/p>\n

<pre><code> "“`
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“`” \u53c2\u8003\u56de\u7b54\uff1a \u8003\u5bdf\u70b9\uff1a \u516c\u53f8\uff1a\u817e\u8baf 1\u3001Fisher-Yates Shuffle […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45442"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45443,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45442\/revisions\/45443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}