{"id":46911,"date":"2023-12-11T15:10:12","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T07:10:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/?p=46911"},"modified":"2023-12-11T15:10:12","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T07:10:12","slug":"%e8%af%b7%e4%bd%a0%e6%9d%a5%e8%af%b4%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%8bawk%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/2023\/12\/11\/%e8%af%b7%e4%bd%a0%e6%9d%a5%e8%af%b4%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%8bawk%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8bf7\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0bawk\u7684\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

“`” \u53c2\u8003\u56de\u7b54\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\uff09\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6837\u5f0f\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u8868\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

2\uff09\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

awk [-F field-separator] 'commands' input-file(s)<\/p>\n

3\uff09\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

<figure><table>
\n<thead>
\n<tr><th>ARGC<\/th><th>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\n<tbody><tr><td>ARGV<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5217<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ENVIRON<\/td><td>\u652f\u6301\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FILENAME<\/td><td>awk\u6d4f\u89c8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FNR<\/td><td>\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FS<\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c -F\u9009\u9879<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NF<\/td><td>\u6d4f\u89c8\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u57df\u7684\u4e2a\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NR<\/td><td>\u5df2\u8bfb\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OFS<\/td><td>\u8f93\u51fa\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ORS<\/td><td>\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>RS<\/td><td>\u63a7\u5236\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>
\n<\/table><\/figure><\/p>\n

4\uff09\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u627e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939,\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

> ls -l | awk '{print 5 ""\\t""<\/span>9}'<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u5165\u6709'\\n'\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5206\u5272\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5212\u5206\u57df\uff0c\u586b\u5145\u57df\u30020\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u57df,<\/span>1\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df,n\u8868\u793a\u7b2cn\u4e2a\u57df\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f""\u7a7a\u767d\u952e"" \u6216 ""[tab]\u952e""\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u627e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n

<pre><code>> ls -l | awk 'BEGIN {COUNT = -1; print ""BEGIN COUNT""}
\n{COUNT = COUNT + 1; print COUNT""\\t""<\/span>5""\\t""9}
\nEND {print ""END, COUNT = ""COUNT}'
\n<\/code><\/pre><\/p>\n

\u5148\u5904\u7406BEGIN\uff0c \u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a{}\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5b8c\u8fdb\u884cEND\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u627e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939,\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n

> ls -l | awk 'BEGIN {print ""BEGIN COUNT""} \/4096\/{print NR""\\t""<\/span>5""\\t""9}<\/p>\n

END {print ""END""}'<\/p>\n

* \/4096\/ \u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u5f0f\u5b50<\/p>\n

* \u4f7f\u7528print<\/span>NF\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528$(NF-1)\u5219\u662f\u6253\u5370\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<pre><code> "“`
\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“`” \u53c2\u8003\u56de\u7b54\uff1a 1\uff09\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a \u6837\u5f0f\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u53d6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46911"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46912,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911\/revisions\/46912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wx.kaifamiao.info\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}