“`” 考察点：xml文件
web.xml用于配置Web应用的相关信息，如：监听器（listener）、过滤器（filter）、 Servlet、相关参数、会话超时时间、安全验证方式、错误页面等，下面是一些开发中常见的配置：
①配置Spring上下文加载监听器加载Spring配置文件并创建IoC容器：
<pre><code><context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
</code></pre>
②配置Spring的OpenSessionInView过滤器来解决延迟加载和Hibernate会话关闭的矛盾：
<pre><code><filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</code></pre>
③配置会话超时时间为10分钟：
<pre><code><session-config>
<session-timeout>10</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</code></pre>
④配置404和Exception的错误页面：
<pre><code><error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type>
<location>/error.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</code></pre>
⑤配置安全认证方式：
⑤配置安全认证方式：
<pre><code><security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>ProtectedArea</web-resource-name>
<url-pattern>/admin/*</url-pattern>
<http-method>GET</http-method>
<http-method>POST</http-method>
</web-resource-collection>
<auth-constraint>
<role-name>admin</role-name>
</auth-constraint>
</security-constraint>
<login-config>
<auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
</login-config>
<security-role>
<role-name>admin</role-name>
</security-role>
</code></pre>
<pre><code> "“`
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